(1) This rule applies where a party is to be added or substituted except where the case falls within rule 19.6 (special provisions about changing parties after the end of a relevant limitation period^(GL)).

(2) The court may order a person to be added as a new party if –

(3) The court may order any person to cease to be a party if it is not desirable for that person to be a party to the proceedings.

(4) The court may order a new party to be substituted for an existing one if –

(1) All persons jointly entitled to the remedy claimed by a claimant must be parties unless the court orders otherwise.

(2) If any such person does not agree to be a claimant, he must be made a defendant, unless the court orders otherwise.

(3) This rule does not apply in probate proceedings.

(1) The court’s permission is required to remove, add or substitute a party, unless the claim form has not been served.

(2) An application for permission under paragraph (1)—

(3) An application for an order under rule 19.2(4) –

(4) Nobody may be added or substituted as a claimant unless –

(5) If an order is made adding or substituting a person as a claimant prior to the filingof their consent—

(6) The Commissioners for HM Revenue and Customs may, where a dispute betweenother parties may have tax consequences, be added as party to proceedings if they consentin writing. (7) An order

(7) An order for the removal, addition or substitution of a party must be served on—

(8) When the court makes an order for the removal, addition or substitution of a party,it may give consequential directions.

(9) A new defendant does not become a party to the proceedings until the amended claimform has been served on them.

(10) A party applying to add a new party by amendment shall be responsible forthe costs of and arising from the amendment. unless the court decides otherwise,

(11) The court may remove, add or substitute parties in existing proceedings on its owninitiative.

(1) The court may not make a declaration of incompatibility in accordance withsection 4 of the Human Rights Act 1998(5) unless 21 days’ notice, or such other period ofnotice as the court directs, has been given to the Crown by the claimant.

(2) Where a claim is made under section 9 of the Human Rights Act 1998 for damages inrespect of a judicial act—

(3) The court may at any time consider whether notice under paragraph (1) or (2) shouldbe given to the Crown and give directions as to the content and service of such notice.

(4) A notice served on the Crown must be served on—

(5) Where notice has been given to the Crown, a Minister or other person permitted bythe Human Rights Act 1998 shall be joined as a party on notifying their consent to the courtand all other parties.

(6) Where the Minister has, under section 5(2)(a) of the Human Rights Act 1998, nominateda person to be joined, the notice consenting to be joined must be accompanied by the writtennomination.

(7) Where paragraph (2) applies and the appropriate person has not applied to be joined asa party within 21 days, or such other period as the court directs, after the notice is served, thecourt may join the appropriate person as a party.

(1) This rule applies to a change of parties after the end of a period of limitation under –

(2) The court may add or substitute a party only if –

(3) The addition or substitution of a party is necessary only if the court is satisfied that –

(4) In addition, in a claim for personal injuries the court may add or substitute a party where it directs that –

(1) A claimant in a claim for wrongful interference with goods must, in the particulars of claim, state the name and address of every person who, to the claimant’s knowledge, has or claims an interest in the goods and who is not a party to the claim.

(2) A defendant to a claim for wrongful interference with goods may apply for a direction that another person be made a party to the claim to establish whether the other person –

(3) Where the person referred to in paragraph (2) fails to attend the hearing of the application, or comply with any directions, the court may order that that person is deprived of any claim against the defendant in respect of the goods.

(4) The application notice must be served on all parties and on the person referred to in paragraph (2).

(1) Where more than one person has the same interest in a claim –

by or against one or more of the persons who have the same interest as representatives of any other persons who have that interest.

(2) The court may direct that a person may not act as a representative.

(3) Any party may apply to the court for an order under paragraph (2).

(4) Unless the court otherwise directs any judgment or order given in a claim in which a party is acting as a representative under this rule –

(5) This rule does not apply to a claim to which rule 19.9 applies.

(1) This rule applies to claims about –

(2) The court may make an order appointing a person to represent any other person or persons in the claim where the person or persons to be represented –

(3) An application for an order under paragraph (2) –

(4) An application notice for an order under paragraph (2) must be served on –

(5) The court’s approval is required to settle a claim in which a party is acting as a representative under this rule.

(6) The court may approve a settlement where it is satisfied that the settlement is for the benefit of all the represented persons.

(7) Unless the court otherwise directs, any judgment or order given in a claim in which a party is acting as a representative under this rule –

(1) A claim may be brought by or against trustees, executors or administrators in that capacity without adding as parties any persons who have a beneficial interest in the trust or estate (‘the beneficiaries’).

(2) Any judgment or order given or made in the claim is binding on the beneficiaries unless the court orders otherwise in the same or other proceedings.

(1) A copy of an application notice under section 92 of the Postal Services Act 2000(8)for permission to bring proceedings in the name of the sender or addressee of a postal packet or their personal representative must be served on the universal service provider and on theperson in whose name the applicant seeks to bring the proceedings

(2) A copy of the application notice must be served on the universal service provider and on the person in whose name the applicant seeks to bring the proceedings.

(1) Where a person who had an interest in a claim has died and that person has no personal representative the court may order –

(2) Where a defendant against whom a claim could have been brought has died and –

(3) A claim shall be treated as having been brought against ‘the estate of’ the deceased in accordance with paragraph (2)(b)(i) where –

(4) Before making an order under this rule, the court may direct notice of the application to be given to any other person with an interest in the claim.

(5) Where an order has been made under paragraphs (1) or (2)(b)(ii) any judgment or order made or given in the claim is binding on the estate of the deceased.

(1) This rule applies to any claim relating to –

(2) The court may at any time direct that notice of –

be served on any person who is not a party but who is or may be affected by it.

(3) An application under this rule –

(4) Unless the court orders otherwise –

(5) If a person served with notice of a claim files an acknowledgment of service of the notice within 14 days they will become a party to the claim.

(6) If a person served with notice of a claim does not acknowledge service of the notice they will be bound by any judgment given in the claim as if he were a party.

(7) If, after service of a notice of a claim on a person, the claim form is amended so as substantially to alter the relief claimed, the court may direct that a judgment shall not bind that person unless a further notice, together with a copy of the amended claim form, is served on them.

(8) Any person served with a notice of a judgment or order under this rule –

(9) The following rules of Part 10 (acknowledgment of service) apply –

(10) A notice under this rule is issued on the date entered on the notice by the court.

(1) This rule –

(2) A derivative claim must be started by a claim form headed “Derivative Claim”.

(3) The company, body corporate or trade union for the benefit of which a remedy is sought must be made a defendant to the claim.

(4) After the issue of the claim form, the claimant must not take any further step in the proceedings without the permission of the court, other than –

(1) In this rule –

‘the Act’ means the Companies Act 2006;

‘derivative claim’ means a derivative claim under Chapter 1 of Part 11 of the Act;

‘permission application’ means an application referred to in section 261(1), 262(2) or 264(2) of the Act;

‘the company’ means the company for the benefit of which the derivative claim is brought.

(2) When the claim form for a derivative claim is issued, the claimant must file –

(3) The claimant must not make the company a respondent to the permission application.

(4) Subject to paragraph (7), the claimant must notify the company of the claim and permission application by sending to the company as soon as reasonably practicable after the claim form is issued –

(5) The claimant may send the notice and documents required by paragraph (4) to the company by any method permitted by Part 6 as if the notice and documents were being served on the company.

(6) The claimant must file a witness statement confirming that the claimant has notified the company in accordance with paragraph (4).

(7) Where notifying the company of the permission application would be likely to frustrate some party of the remedy sought, the court may, on application by the claimant, order that the company need not be notified for such period after the issue of the claim form as the court directs.

(8) An application under paragraph (7) may be made without notice.

(9) Where the court dismisses the claimant’s permission application without a hearing, the court will notify the claimant and (unless the court orders otherwise) the company of that decision.

(10) The claimant may ask for an oral hearing to reconsider the decision to dismiss the permission application, but the claimant –

(11) Where the court dismisses the permission application at a hearing pursuant to paragraph (10), it will notify the claimant and the company of its decision.

(12) Where the court does not dismiss the application under section 261(2) of the Act, the court will –

(1) This rule applies to proceedings under section 262(1) or 264(1) of the Companies Act 2006.

(2) The application for permission must be made by an application notice in accordance with Part 23.

(3) Rule 19.9A (except for paragraphs (1), (2) and (4)(b) of that rule, and paragraph (12)(b) so far as it applies to the claim form) applies to an application under this rule and references to the claimant in rule 19.9A are to be read as references to the person who seeks to take over the claim.

(1) This rule sets out the procedure where –

(2) The member who starts, or seeks to take over, the claim must apply to the court for permission to continue the claim.

(3) The application for permission must be made by an application notice in accordance with Part 23.

(4) The procedure for applications in relation to companies under section 261, 262 or 264 (as the case requires) of the Companies Act 2006 applies to the permission application as if the body corporate or trade union were a company.

(5) Rules 19.9A (except for paragraph (1) of that rule) and 19.9B apply to the permission application as if the body corporate or trade union were a company.

If a derivative claim (except such a claim in pursuance of an order under section 996 of the Companies Act 2006) arises in the course of other proceedings –

(1)The court may order the company, body corporate or trade union for the benefit of which a derivative claim is brought to indemnify the claimant against liability for costs incurred in the permission application or in the derivative claim or both.

(2)If the claimant seeks an order that the defendant company or other body concernedindemnify the claimant against liability for costs incurred in the permission application orthe claim, this should be stated in the permission application or claim form or both.

Where the court has given permission to continue a derivative claim, the court may order that the claim may not be discontinued, settled or compromised without the permission of the court.

A Group Litigation Order (‘GLO’) means an order made under rule 19.22 to provide for the case management of claims which give rise to common or related issues of fact or law (the ‘GLO issues’).

(1) The court may make a GLO where there are or are likely to be a number of claims giving rise to the GLO issues. The multiple parties may be claimants or defendants.

(Practice Direction 19B provides the procedure for applying for a GLO where the multipleparties are claimants)

(2) A GLO must –

(3) A GLO may –

(1) Where a judgment or order is given or made in a claim on the group register in relation to one or more GLO issues –

(2) Unless paragraph (3) applies, any party who is adversely affected by a judgment or order which is binding on them may seek permission to appeal the order.

(3) A party to a claim which was entered on the group register after a judgment or order which is binding on them was given or made may not –

but may apply to the court for an order that the judgment or order is not binding on him.

(4) Unless the court orders otherwise, disclosure of any document relating to the GLO issues by a party to a claim on the group register is disclosure of that document to all parties to claims –

Directions given by the management court may include directions –

(1) A party to a claim entered on the group register may apply to the management court for the claim to be removed from the register.

(2) If the management court orders the claim to be removed from the register it may give directions about the future management of the claim.

(1) Where a direction has been given for a claim on the group register to proceed as a test claim and that claim is settled, the management court may order that another claim on the group register be substituted as the test claim.

(2) Where an order is made under paragraph (1), any order made in the test claim before the date of substitution is binding in the substituted claim unless the court orders otherwise.